Data and code for: The link between blocking characteristics and heatwaves

Atmospheric blocking drives many Northern Hemisphere summer heatwaves, but it is unclear which block characteristics shape heatwave duration, extent, and intensity. This record contains the data and code used to study this question. Heatwaves (extreme near-surface temperature anomalies) and blocks (upper-level negative PV anomalies) are detected and tracked as quasi-Lagrangian contours in ERA5 (June–August, 1979–2024). They are associated when their equivalent circles overlap, which captures non-local links. Files in this record : heatwave and blocking catalogues (CSV) and tracked fields (NetCDF), heatwave temperature anomalies (NetCDF), the heatwave–blocking association table, and the Python code that reproduces all tables and figures (see the README inside the zip). The heatwave detection code is archived separately (doi:10.5281/zenodo.23556794).