SURGICAL TREATMENT TACTICS IN THYROID GLAND DISEASES AND THEIR CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS

This thesis examines the surgical treatment tactics in thyroid gland diseases and evaluates their clinical effectiveness. The study analyzes the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of various thyroid disorders, including benign and malignant conditions. Special attention is given to modern diagnostic approaches such as ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and hormonal assessment, which play a crucial role in determining appropriate treatment strategies.The paper also explores different surgical techniques, including lobectomy, subtotal thyroidectomy, and total thyroidectomy, highlighting their indications and outcomes. Additionally, minimally invasive surgical methods and their advantages in reducing postoperative complications and improving patient recovery are discussed.The findings indicate that early diagnosis and the selection of appropriate surgical tactics significantly improve treatment outcomes, reduce complication rates, and enhance the quality of life of patients. The study emphasizes the importance of an individualized approach and multidisciplinary collaboration in the management of thyroid diseases.