MODERN MODELS OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS, CORPORATE PRACTICES, AND METHODS FOR MEASURING EFFECTIVENESS

This article examines modern models of human capital management, their theoretical foundations, applications in corporate practice, and methods for measuring their effectiveness. The study considers Strategic Human Resource Management (Strategic HRM), competency-based management, digital HR technologies, and the HR Scorecard approach as the main conceptual frameworks. By comparing national and international practices, the research proposes a multidimensional model for evaluating the effectiveness of human capital management. The findings indicate that the value of human capital is determined not only by the number of employees or labor productivity but also by competencies, adaptability, innovative capacity, and organizational commitment.