Regional Housing policy of the German Royal Empire: Frankfurt am Main as example

“In the context of general urban research and also in historical investigations problems of housing provision and housing policies in the period of advanced industrialization play an important role. Those questions are most of the times related with the consequences of industrialization and urbanization because besides the necessary infrastructure services like the expansion of public transport, canalization, water and energy provision and facilities for health care, problems related to an adequate housing provision were more and more emphasized because the private housing economy was not able to deal with the high demand especially for small apartments. Especially the shortage of small apartments caused that questions and problems related to housing were considered as system-critically more than other social-political areas.” (Steitz, a. cit., p. 393f). Contemporary reformers and those who discussed questions related to housing formulated a high number of local political measures. Based on those discussions the author formulates his research question: “Which local political measures were undertaken by the communities of the German Empire between 1875 and 1914 under which circumstances? Some historical studies in this subject are already investigated local housing policies especially regarding the housing construction for workers in the entire German Empire. The local conditions and the measures undertaken by the different communities varied significantly. Therefore the present study tends to analyze the extent of communal housing policies looking at the case study of Frankfurt am Main because this city played an important role in this subject area” (Steitz, a. a. O., p. 397). Data tables in HISTAT: A.01 Per capita tax burden in Frankfurt am Main, Berlin and Prussian communities with more than 10.000 inhabitants, in Mark (1890-1913) A.02 Development of population on the basis of the 1910 incorporated territory including Frankfurt (1871-1910) A.03 Relative per capita tax burden in Frankfurt am Main (1890-1905) A.04 Public debt of Frankfurt am Main (1887-1907) A.05 Proportion of expenditure for infrastructure spending on total expenditure and revenues, as well as on the direct tax burden, Frankfurt am Main (1872-1898) A.06 Share of taxes and operating surplus of the total ordinary revenues of the budget of the city of Frankfurt am Main (1904-1913) A.07 Overview of surpluses and grants from the regular budget of the city of Frankfurt am Main (1898-1913) A.08a Expenditures of Frankfurt am Main (1872-1881) A.08b Expenditures of Frankfurt am Main (1881-1897) A.08c Expenditures of the regular household of Frankfurt am Main (1898-1905) A.08d Expenditures for construction in the extraordinary budget of Frankfurt am Main (1898-1910) A.09 Ratio of urban mortgage sum of leaseholder on urban ground in Frankfurt am Main (1902-1905) A.10 Urban construction of small apartments in Frankfurt am Main (1904-1913) A.11Buildings and apartments constructed by charitable construction and housing associations (1868-1914) A.12 Proportion of newly built apartments on the total number of new apartments in Frankfurt am Main (1884-1914) A.13 Share of charitably built apartments on the total number of available and occupied apartments in Frankfurt am Main (1871-1910)