National Exposure Information System (NEXIS) Building Exposure - Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1)

In order to understand the effects a natural or man-made disaster could have on a community we need to know as much as we can about the people and buildings that occupy that area. This includes information about:
- People: how many people will be affected and where they live
- Buildings: the type of construction materials used, the number of storeys, and age all contribute to how a building withstands damage
- Cost : how much will it cost to rebuild a dwelling or replace its contents if damaged

This information is used to not only investigate physical impacts of a disaster, but also forms base information that is needed to help inform the socio-economic impacts, such as loss to the business community when impacted by severe cyclonic wind storms. This information is also used when calculating the risk from natural and man-made disasters in order to inform policy and operational decision makers of the impact on Australian communities.

The National Exposure Information System (NEXIS) aims to capture this information to create up-to-date aggregated exposure data based upon building level detail for all residential, commercial and industrial building in Australia.

Geoscience Australia (GA) embarked on the development of the National Exposure Information System (NEXIS) in response to the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) reform commitment on Australia's ability to manage natural disasters and other emergencies. The COAG commitment was for the establishment of a 'nationally consistent system of data collection, research and analysis to ensure a sound knowledge base on natural disasters and disaster mitigation' (DOTARS 2002).

NEXIS is also an important component for improving several projects of national interest within Geoscience Australia (GA). These include projects undertaken by the Community Safety Group which investigate natural and man-made risks and their impacts on the community.

This product is a Statistical Area Level 1 (SA1) aggregated version of NEXIS building exposure Version 5. 2014.

为研判自然或人为灾害对社区可能造成的影响，需尽可能全面掌握该区域内居住人群与建筑的相关信息。此类信息涵盖：
- 人群：受影响人口数量及其居住分布情况
- 建筑：建筑所用结构材料、楼层数与建成年代，均会影响建筑的抗损性能
- 成本：受损住宅的重建费用或屋内财物的重置成本

此类信息不仅可用于探究灾害的实体影响，还可作为基础数据支撑社会经济影响评估——例如强热带气旋风暴冲击下商业社区遭受的损失。此外，该信息还可用于计算自然与人为灾害的风险，以便为政策制定者与运营决策者提供澳大利亚社区所受影响的相关依据。

国家暴露信息系统（National Exposure Information System, NEXIS）旨在采集此类信息，基于澳大利亚所有住宅、商业及工业建筑的单体细节数据，构建最新的聚合式暴露数据集。

澳大利亚地球科学局（Geoscience Australia, GA）响应澳大利亚政府间理事会（Council of Australian Governments, COAG）关于提升澳大利亚应对自然灾害与其他突发事件能力的改革承诺，启动了国家暴露信息系统（NEXIS）的开发工作。澳大利亚政府间理事会的承诺旨在建立"全国统一的数据采集、研究与分析体系，以筑牢自然灾害与灾害减灾领域的知识根基"（DOTARS, 2002）。

国家暴露信息系统（NEXIS）同时也是澳大利亚地球科学局（GA）多项国家重点项目的重要组成部分，其中包括社区安全小组开展的、针对自然与人为风险及其对社区影响的相关研究项目。

本产品为2014年发布的NEXIS建筑暴露数据第5版的统计区域1级（Statistical Area Level 1, SA1）聚合版本。