Table_1_Association of Suicide Risk With Headache Frequency Among Migraine Patients With and Without Aura.DOCX

Background: Migraines with aura have been associated with suicide in adolescents and young adults, but the association between suicide and migraine frequency has not been determined. This study investigated suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among patients with varying frequencies of migraines, with and without auras.Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 528 patients aged between 20 and 60 years from a headache outpatient clinic in Taiwan. All patients completed a set of questionnaires, including a demographic questionnaire, the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Suicide risk was evaluated by self-reported lifetime suicidal ideation and attempts. Patients were divided into low-frequency (1–4 days/month), moderate-frequency (5–8 days/month), high-frequency (9–14 days/month), and chronic (≥15 days/month) migraine groups. The association between migraine frequency and suicidality was investigated using multivariable linear regression and logistic regression.Results: The rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were the highest for chronic migraine with aura (ideation: 47.2%; attempts: 13.9%) and lowest in migraine-free controls (2.8%). Migraine frequency was an independent risk factor for suicidal ideation and attempts in patients with aura (both Ptrend < 0.001), but not in patients without auras. Migraine aura and depression were associated with higher risks of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in patients with migraine.Conclusion: High migraine frequency has a correlation with high suicide risk in patients who experience an aura, but not in other patients with migraine.

背景：伴有视觉症状的偏头痛与青少年和青年人的自杀行为存在关联，然而自杀行为与偏头痛发作频率之间的关联尚无定论。本研究旨在探讨不同偏头痛发作频率（伴有或不伴有视觉症状）的患者中的自杀意念及自杀尝试情况。方法：本研究为横断面研究，分析了来自台湾某头痛门诊诊所的20至60岁之间的528名患者。所有患者均完成了一系列问卷，包括人口统计学问卷、偏头痛功能障碍评估问卷、医院焦虑和抑郁量表、Beck抑郁量表以及匹兹堡睡眠质量指数。通过患者自报的终身自杀意念和尝试来评估自杀风险。患者被分为低频组（每月1-4天）、中频组（每月5-8天）、高频组（每月9-14天）和慢性组（每月≥15天）。利用多变量线性回归和逻辑回归方法，研究偏头痛发作频率与自杀倾向之间的关联。结果：自杀意念和自杀尝试的发生率在伴有视觉症状的慢性偏头痛患者中最高（意念发生率：47.2%；尝试发生率：13.9%），在无偏头痛的对照组中最低（2.8%）。对于伴有视觉症状的患者，偏头痛发作频率是自杀意念和尝试的独立风险因素（P趋势 < 0.001），但对于无视觉症状的患者则不是。偏头痛视觉症状和抑郁与伴有偏头痛的患者自杀意念和自杀尝试的高风险相关。结论：高频率的偏头痛发作与伴有视觉症状的患者的自杀风险呈正相关，但对其他偏头痛患者则不然。