Gut microbiome-dependent stratification of patients for anti-diabetic treatment

Dysbosis of intestinal microbiota could contribute to the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes. It is yet to be known whether intestinal flora could be related to differential responds to antidiabetic therapies. This study, herein for the first time, metagenomic sequenced fecal samples from a randomized clinical trial on new onset untreated Type 2 Diabetes patients applied two treatment arms, Acarbose and Glipizide (Sulfonylurea) and analyzed the differential responses of intestinal flora in different groups. Results showed substantial impact of Acarbose on gut microbiota community but minor of Glipizide. Enterotypes with similar baseline clinical characteristics, had significant different pharmacologic respond to Acarbose on insulin resistance, gut hormones, bile acids and cardiovascular risks, indicating that different pattern of intestinal microbiota component could determine different responses of Type 2 Diabetes to antidiabetic pharmacological therapies.