Data from: Genetic diversity, population structure and phylogeography of Myanmar goats

The diversity of goats in Myanmar is represented by three indigenous
breeds, Jade Ni, Nyaung Oo and Waithar Li. This study aimed at
characterizing the genetic diversity and relationship of Myanmar goat
breeds using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA variations. A total of
147 goats from all three indigenous breeds were genotyped at 27
microsatellite loci. Genetic diversity in terms of allelic polymorphisms,
observed and expected heterozygosities were moderately high. The mean
observed heterozygosity within breeds varied between 0.566 ± 0.183 (Nyaung
Oo) and 0.595 ± 0.182 (Waithar Li) while the expected heterozygosity
varied from 0.605 ± 0.181 (Jade Ni) to 0.647 ± 0.176 (Waithar Li).
Considerable heterozygosity deficit ranging from 5.5% to 8.2% was observed
in Myanmar goat breeds. Wright’s F statistics revealed most of the
variations within breeds and only 1.9% of the total observed variation was
explained by between breed differences. Principal components and Bayesian
clustering analyses showed complete admixture of Nyaung Oo and Waithar Li
goats indicating high rate of gene flow among these populations.
Population stratification was observed in Jade Ni with a subset of
individuals clustering distinctly. Variations in mitochondrial DNA control
region revealed 22 distinct haplotypes belonging to two major haplogroups
A and B. Haplogroup A was found to predominate Myanmar goats similar to
other goat populations in Asia. Comparative analysis of mtDNA variations
indicated possible Chinese origin of the maternal haplotypic lineages of
Myanmar goats.