Internet of Things for Sustainable Carbon Footprint Reduction and Energy Management in Supply Chain

The growing demand to address environmental sustainability and climate change has emphasized the need for innovative solutions in supply chain and energy management. This study investigates the transformative role of the Internet of Things (IoT) in reducing carbon footprints and optimizing energy utilization within supply chains. A well-structured methodology was employed including regression modeling, cluster analysis, IoT simulation frameworks and optimization techniques. The data was collected from diverse energy and emission databases. After exploratory data analysis and feature engineering, energy efficiency and emission intensity were identified as critical metrics. Regression models achieved an R² score of 0.89 and clustering revealing distinct industry patterns for targeted interventions. The IoT simulation framework demonstrated real-time and decision-making insights using MQTT protocols. Optimization results indicated a potential carbon footprint reduction of up to 18.5% without compromising operational efficiency. These results showcase the potential of IoT-driven frameworks in providing actionable insights for sustainable supply chain management. This study also highlights the critical role of IoT in achieving sustainability goals and overcoming challenges associated with energy-intensive operations. This study will contribute in advancing the global agenda of sustainable development with measurable environmental benefits and operational improvements. It will also provide a robust framework for using IoT in achieving sustainability goals in other energy intensive sectors.