Annotated synthetic cannabinoids (SCBs) and non-target compounds in herbal mixtures from ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass selective detector

The confiscated herbal mixtures used in the current work were the Herbal Blend and Spice Diamond brand. Extracts of the herbal mixtures were successfully analysed using UPLC-HRMS to detect SCBs responsible for the reported highs. The detected SCBs were AMB-FUBINACA (1) in the Herbal Blend brand, as well as 5F-ADB (2) and 5F-EDMB-PINACA (3) in the Spice Diamond brand (Table 3.1). Analysis by UPLC-HRMS also revealed presence of non-SCBs compounds in the herbal mixtures (Table 3.3), the drug precursor 4-piperidone monohydrate (1), the research chemical N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) (2), the aromatic compound Vanillin (3), Tretinoin (7) and the chlorophyll degradation product, Pheophorbide A (8). The use of GC-MSD revealed additional herbal mixtures volatile constituents (Table 3.2), Menthol (13), para-Anisaldehyde (14), Piperitone (15), Menthyl acetate (16), Piperonal (17), 3,4-Dihydrocoumarin (18), Vanillin (19), Ethyl vanillin (20), γ-decalactone B (21), 2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol (22) and α-Bisabolol oxide A (23). The annotated non-target compounds were mostly aromatic compounds. The SCBs and non-SCBs compounds confirm that the Herbal Blend brand contains ingredients different from the listed (tendu leaves, Ceylon blend and St. John Wort) although some of the aromatic compounds may be from the plant material listed, and reveal the constituents of the Spice Diamond brand herbal mixtures contain not only SCBs. This is consistent with findings from similar studies and reports. Other than compounds Vanillin, Pheophorbide A and 2,4-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, no other compounds found in the Herbal Blend brand were detected in the Spice brand in the current work, suggesting that the two herbal mixtures are non-identical.

在本研究中，被没收的草药混合物为Herbal Blend和Spice Diamond品牌。通过使用UPLC-HRMS技术，成功分析了草药混合物中的致幻化合物，以检测导致所述兴奋状态的物质。检测到的致幻化合物包括Herbal Blend品牌中的AMB-FUBINACA（1），以及Spice Diamond品牌中的5F-ADB（2）和5F-EDMB-PINACA（3）（见表3.1）。UPLC-HRMS分析还揭示了草药混合物中存在非致幻化合物（见表3.3），包括药物前体4-哌啶酮一水合物（1）、研究化学品N-(2-羟丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺（HPMA）（2）、香料化合物香草醛（3）、维甲酸（7）以及叶绿素降解产物，叶绿素a（8）。GC-MSD的使用进一步揭示了草药混合物中的挥发性成分（见表3.2），包括薄荷醇（13）、对茴香醛（14）、胡椒酮（15）、薄荷乙酸酯（16）、香叶醇（17）、3,4-二氢香豆素（18）、香草醛（19）、乙基香草醛（20）、γ-癸内酯B（21）、2,4-双（1,1-二甲基乙基）苯酚（22）和α-洋甘菊烯氧化物A（23）。标记的非目标化合物主要为芳香族化合物。致幻化合物和非致幻化合物的存在证实了Herbal Blend品牌所含成分与列出的成分（如桑叶、锡兰混合物和圣约翰草）不同，尽管部分芳香族化合物可能来源于所列植物材料，并揭示了Spice Diamond品牌草药混合物的成分不仅包括致幻化合物。这与类似研究和报告的发现一致。除了香草醛、叶绿素a和2,4-双（1,1-二甲基乙基）苯酚外，在Herbal Blend品牌中发现的其它化合物在当前研究中并未在Spice品牌中检测到，这表明两种草药混合物并非同一物质。