Day of burning dataset: Biogeography of daily wildfire progression

Introduction Climate change is predicted to increase the frequency of extreme single-day fire spread events, with major ecological and social implications. In contrast with well-documented spatio-temporal patterns of wildfire ignitions and perimeters, daily progression remains poorly understood across continental spatial scales, particularly for extreme single-day events (“blow ups”). Here, we characterize daily wildfire spread across North America, including occurrence of extreme single-day events, duration and seasonality of fire and extremes, and ecoregional climatic niches of fire in terms of Actual Evapotranspiration (AET) and Climatic Water Deficit (CWD) annual climate normals. Methods Remotely sensed daily progression of 9,636 wildfires ≥400 ha was used to characterize ecoregional patterns of fire growth, extreme single-day events, duration, and seasonality. To explore occurrence, extent, and impacts of single-day extremes among ecoregions, we considered complementary ecoregional..., Daily Fire Progression and Identification of Extreme Events We measured daily area burned (ha d-1) for individual wildfires by interpolating spatially continuous daily progression maps following methods developed by Parks (2014; Fig. S1). This technique interpolates VIIRS and MODIS hotspot detections to map the most likely day of burning at 30-m resolution within final wildfire perimeters obtained from national repositories. Previous studies have successfully utilized this technique to study various aspects of fire activity, including daily area burned (Hart and Preston 2020), spread (Holsinger et al. 2016, Wang et al. 2017), and refugia (Meigs et al. 2020, Downing et al. 2021). We constrained all daily progression interpolations to final fire perimeters obtained from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS, USA; USDA Forest Service and USGS (2023)) and National Burned Area Composite (NBAC, Canada; Hall et al. (2020)) national repositories. Centroids of final fire perimeters were u..., , # Day of burning dataset: Biogeography of daily wildfire progression [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2jm63xswg](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2jm63xswg) Daily fire progression dataset of daily areas burned. ## Description of the data and file structure Variable Descriptions: Ecoregion_10: US EPA level 1 ecoregion fire occurred in. combined.ID: concatenation of MTBS or NBAC fire.id and fire.year (year of fire's occurrence) fire.year: year of fire's occurrence fire.id: MTBS or NBAC event ID of final fire perimeter DOB: day of burning as day of year, numeric (1-366) pixel.count: n 30x30m pixels per DOB region area.ha: DOB region area in hectares Within.Ecoregion.Areal.Ex.Threshold: area burned threshold for classifying days as extreme events; defined as ecoregional mean + 2 SD extreme.day: binary variable, FALSE = daily area burned did not exceed Within.Ecoregion.Areal.Ex.Threshold, TRUE = daily area burned exceeded Within.Ecoregion.Areal.Ex.Threshold Country: Country fire occurred in; ...