Evidence for hybridisation-driven heteroplasmy maintained across generations in a ricefish endemic to a Wallacean ancient lake

Heteroplasmy, the presence of multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes within cells of an individual, is caused by mutation or paternal leakage. However, heteroplasmy is usually resolved to homoplasmy within a few generations because of germ-line bottlenecks; therefore, instances of heteroplasmy are limited in nature. Here, we report heteroplasmy in the ricefish species Oryzias matanensis, endemic to Lake Matano, an ancient lake in Sulawesi Island, in which one individual was known to have many heterozygous sites in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) gene. In this study, we cloned the ND2 gene for some additional individuals with heterozygous sites and demonstrated that they are truly heteroplasmic. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the extra haplotype within the heteroplasmic O. matanensis individuals clustered with haplotypes of O. marmoratus, a congeneric species inhabiting adjacent lakes. This indicated that the heteroplasmy originated from paternal leakage ..., , , ## Data set from Nuryadi et al. 2023 Biology Letters.

The data set accompanies four Dryad data files.

Uploaded: November 2023
Revised:
Contact: Kazunori Yamahira ([e-mail])

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File\_01\_Fasta\_ND2\_all.fas

The fasta file containing mitochondrial ND2 sequences (1053 bp) of Oryzias species endemic to the Malili Lake system, which was used for the ML phylogeny in figure 2.

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File\_02\_Fasta\_ND2\_unique.fas

The fasta file containing mitochondrial ND2 sequences (1053 bp) of the 52 unique haplotypes among Oryzias species endemic to the Malili Lake system, which was used for the ML phylogeny in figure S1.

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File\_03\_Fasta\_ND2\_unique\_only\_HapB\_Mar.fas

The fasta file containing mitochondrial ND2 sequences (1053 bp) of the 10 unique haplotypes from Oryzias marmoratus and the O. matanensis extra haplotype, which was used in EasyCodeML.

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File\_04\_Newick\_ND2\_unique\_only\_HapB\_Mar.txt

The newick file containing a topology among the 10 unique haplo...