Dataset of Subsurface Lithologic Characteristics in the Xianyang Region

The characteristics of subsurface rock formations form the cornerstone of geological science and geotechnical engineering research, and their physical properties hold significant value for geological resource exploration and development, disaster early warning and mitigation, and climate change prediction. This dataset collects the physical parameters of Quaternary to Neogene strata within the depth range of 485.9–3060 m along the southern margin of the Weihe Rift Basin’s Weili Uplift in Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. It encompasses four stratigraphic units—the Qinchuan Group, Zhangjiapo Formation, Lantian–Bahe Formation, and Gaoling Group—and comprises 450 individual records. In accordance with geotechnical investigation standards and quality-control requirements, five core parameters—deep resistivity, sonic travel-time difference, clay content, porosity, and permeability—have been integrated. This work aims to provide reliable foundational data for regional geological modeling, groundwater and geothermal resource assessment, sandstone foundation bearing-capacity studies, dynamic compaction applications, and other engineering uses. The dataset possesses high reference value and scalability.