IPCC 4th assessment report simulations with the ECHO-G climate model

The project embrases the simulations with the coupled climate model ECHO-G, relevant for the 4th assessment report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The report is prepared in order to assess scientific, technical, and socio-economic information, relevant for the understanding of climate change, of its potential impacts, and of options for adaption and migration. Emission Scenarios (SRES) have been constructed by the IPCC to explore future developments in the global enviroment with special reference to the production of greenhouse gases and aerosol precursor emissions. The project includes SRES A1B, A2, and B1 simulations with preindustrial Green House Gas (GHG) concentrations representative for 1860 (PIcntrl), with present day (1990) GHG concentrations (PDcntrl), with CO2 concentrations increasing by 1% per year until a doupling of CO2 concentrations relativ to 1990 (1%_to2x), with CO2 concentrations increasing by 1% per year until a quadrupling of CO2 concentrations relativ to 1990 (1%_to4x), simulations of the 20th century (20C3M), and simulations continuing the 20C3M experiments with GHG concentrations fixed at their values at the end of the year 2000. The atmospheric component of ECHO-G is ECHAM4 T30 which has an interactive sulfur cycle model embedded for the experiments exept for PDcntrl, 1%_to2x and 1%_4x. The ocean model is HOPE-G T42er which includes a dynamic - thermodynamic sea-ice model. Flux adjustments, constant in time and globally normalized to zero, are applied for heat and freshwater fluxes into the ocean. The simulations were run on NEC SX-6 machines at DKRZ (German Climate Computing Centre) and NEC SX-6 machines at KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information) by scientists of the Meteorological Institute of the University of BONN (MIUB), of the Model and Data group at the MPI in Hamburg (MaD), and of the Korean Meteorological Research Institute KMA (METRI).

本项目涵盖了与耦合气候模型ECHO-G相关的模拟，该模型适用于政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）第四次评估报告（AR4）。本报告旨在评估与气候变化的理解、其潜在影响以及适应和迁移选择相关的科学、技术和社会经济信息。IPCC构建了排放情景（SRES），以探索全球环境未来发展的趋势，特别是针对温室气体和气溶胶前体排放。本项目包括SRES A1B、A2和B1情景的模拟，其中包含了工业革命前温室气体浓度代表性值1860年（PIcntrl）、现代表浓度（1990年）的温室气体浓度（PDcntrl）、每年增加1%的二氧化碳浓度直至相对于1990年浓度加倍（1%_to2x）、每年增加1%的二氧化碳浓度直至相对于1990年浓度增至四倍（1%_to4x）的模拟、20世纪的模拟（20C3M），以及将2000年末固定温室气体浓度继续进行的20C3M实验模拟。ECHO-G的大气成分是ECHAM4 T30，该模型在PDcntrl、1%_to2x和1%_4x实验中嵌入了交互式硫循环模型。对于海洋模型HOPE-G T42er，它包含了一个动态-热力学海冰模型。对海洋的热通量和淡水通量进行了通量调整，这些调整在时间上保持恒定，并在全球范围内归一化至零。模拟在德国气候计算中心（DKRZ）和韩国科学技术信息研究所（KISTI）的NEC SX-6机器上运行，由波恩大学气象研究所（MIUB）、汉堡亥姆霍兹国家中心模型与数据组（MaD）以及韩国气象研究所（KMA）的科学家们执行。