It is commonly argued that Japanese trade protection has enabled the nurturing and development internationally competitive firms. The results in our paper suggest that when it comes to TFP growth, thi
Based on Resource-based theory and Internal Control (IC) theory, this study elucidates the impacts of corporate digital transformation on total factor productivity, and IC effectiveness, as well as th
In the context of intensifying global competitiveness and rapid technological advancement, industrial robots have emerged as a pivotal component in the integration of digital technology, exerting a vi
The data come from the WIOD database, and we collate data on China's total output (y), labour (l), capital (k), industrial intermediate inputs (m) and intermediate services (q), calculate the output e
This study innovatively employs large language model (LLM) technology to construct a public digital procurement (PDP) index and, by utilizing microlevel data from Chinese A-share listed companies (201