Microbial Dynamics in Surti Buffalo Dung and Urine-Based Fermented Plant Growth Promoting Formulation

In this study, we developed a plant growth-promoting formulation using Surti buffalo (a breed of water buffalo, Bubalus bubalis), dung and urine, combined with jaggery, gram flour, soil, and water. The mixture was allowed to ferment. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) metagenomic analysis was conducted on samples taken before fermentation (Day 0) and after fermentation (Day 8). The initial microbial community at Day 0 primarily consisted of diverse bacterial populations inherent to buffalo dung and soil. By Day 8, significant shifts in the microbial composition were observed, indicating the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms facilitated by the fermentation process. This transformation underscores the potential of such bioformulations in enhancing soil fertility and promoting sustainable agricultural practices.