Data from: An adaptive radiation of frogs in a Southeast Asian island archipelago

Living amphibians exhibit a diversity of ecologies, life histories, and
species-rich lineages that offers opportunities for studies of adaptive
radiation. We characterize a diverse clade of frogs (Kaloula,
Microhylidae) in the Philippine island archipelago as an example of an
adaptive radiation into three primary habitat specialists or ecotypes. We
use a novel phylogenetic estimate for this clade to evaluate the tempo of
lineage accumulation and morphological diversification. Because
species-level phylogenetic estimates for Philippine Kaloula are lacking,
we employ dense population sampling to determine the appropriate
evolutionary lineages for diversification analyses. We explicitly take
phylogenetic uncertainty into account when calculating diversification and
disparification statistics and fitting models of diversification.
Following dispersal to the Philippines from Southeast Asia, Kaloula
radiated rapidly into several well-supported clades. Morphological
variation within Kaloula is partly explained by ecotype and accumulated at
high levels during this radiation, including within ecotypes. We pinpoint
an axis of morphospace related directly to climbing and digging behaviors
and find patterns of phenotypic evolution suggestive of ecological
opportunity with partitioning into distinct habitat specialists. We
conclude by discussing the components of phenotypic diversity that are
likely important in amphibian adaptive radiations.