Data associated with the publication "Reliable operation of wind-storage systems for baseload power production"

This dataset contains wind speed forecast and observation data obtained from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) MARS archive and ERA5 for 18 offshore sites in Northern Europe for the year 2019.<br>The original data from MARS and from ERA5 were modified by (i) changing its data format to json and (ii) extracting the wind speed for 18 specific locations.Each json file has 5 entries:"time" - represents the time step of the forecast issued time or of the observation data, expressed as datetime64[ns]"lat" - Latitude of the location"lon" - Longitude of the location"steps" - lead time of the issued forecasts, expressed in hours"u100" - wind speed component u, in m/s"v100" - wind speed component v, in m/s<br>The data in "u100" and "v100" are stored as a three-dimensional array, where the first dimension corresponds to the time step of the forecast issue or of the observation data and matches the matches the dimension of "time", the second dimension is the forecast scenario (here always equal to one), and the third dimension is the lead-time and matches the dimension of "steps". For the hourly data, since there is no forecast, the data stored in the third dimension of the array is always a scalar.<br>The forecast files are named as "mars_ptf_2019_60h_xxx.json". The observation data files are named "data_era5_2019_xxx.json". The "xxx" corresponds to the three letter identifier for each site (e.g. "hkn", "sea", etc.).<br>The research results presented in the associated publication can be reproduced with the open-source code SHIPP: https://github.com/jennaiori/shipp<br>All datasets are made available under the CC BY 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

本数据集包含2019年北欧18个近海站点的风速预报与观测数据，数据源自欧洲中期天气预报中心（European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF）的MARS存档与ERA5数据集。
原始MARS存档与ERA5数据集经以下两步处理：(i) 将数据格式转换为JSON；(ii) 提取18个指定站点的风速数据。
每个JSON文件包含以下条目："time"——代表预报发布时刻或观测数据的时间步长，以datetime64[ns]格式表示；"lat"——站点纬度；"lon"——站点经度；"steps"——预报提前时长，单位为小时；"u100"——100米高度风速u分量，单位为m/s；"v100"——100米高度风速v分量，单位为m/s。
"u100"与"v100"的数据以三维数组形式存储，其中第一维度对应预报发布时刻或观测数据的时间步长，与"time"字段的维度一致；第二维度为预报情景（本数据集内该维度恒为1）；第三维度为预报提前时长，与"steps"字段的维度一致。对于逐时观测数据（无预报环节），数组第三维度存储的数据恒为标量。
预报文件的命名格式为"mars_ptf_2019_60h_xxx.json"，观测数据文件命名格式为"data_era5_2019_xxx.json"，其中"xxx"代表各站点的三位字母标识符（例如"hkn"、"sea"等）。
关联发表论文中的研究成果可通过开源代码SHIPP复现，代码仓库地址为：https://github.com/jennaiori/shipp。
本数据集所有内容均采用CC BY 4.0许可协议发布，协议详情可参考：https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/。