Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Hourly Precipitation Data (HPD), Version 2

The Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Hourly Precipitation Data (HPD) consists of quality controlled precipitation amounts, which are measurements of hourly accumulation of precipitation, including rain and snow for approximately 2,000 observing stations around the country, and several U.S. territories in the Caribbean and Pacific from the National Weather Service (NWS) Fischer-Porter Network. This new version of COOP HPD with faster automations due updated stations will result in faster access for the public. The data are from 1940 to present, depending upon when each station was installed. These stations, nearly all of which were part of HPD version 1, also known as DSI-3240, were gradually upgraded from paper punch tape data recording systems to a more modern electronic data logger system from 2004-2013.

The 15-min gauge depth time series are processed at NCEI via automated quality control and filtering algorithms to identify and remove spurious observations from noise and malfunctioning equipment, and also those due to natural phenomena such as evaporation and the necessary occasional emptying of the gauge. Hourly precipitation totals are then computed from the 15-min data and are quality controlled by a suite of automated algorithms that combine checks on the daily and hourly time scale. Data and metadata are ingested on a daily basis and combined in a single integrated dataset.

As with the legacy punch paper instrumentation, the electronic loggers record rain gauge depth every 15 minutes. Monthly site visits to each station are still performed, but instead of collecting punched paper (that would subsequently need conversion to a digital record via a MITRON reader), data are downloaded from the station's datalogger to a memory stick and centrally collected at the local Weather Forecast Office (WFO) for all stations in the WFO area. The WFO subsequently combines all data into a single tar file and transfers the data to NCEI via ftp upload nominally each month.

This updated HPD includes the historical data from the punch paper era and the recent digital era in order to provide the full period of record for each location. These data are formatted consistent with practices for NCEI Global In-situ datasets.

国家合作观测计划（COOP）小时降水量数据（HPD）由经过质量控制后的降水量数据组成，这些数据为每小时降水积累的测量值，包括雨和雪，涉及全国约2000个观测站以及加勒比海和太平洋的几个美国领土，数据来源于国家气象服务（NWS）的Fischer-Porter网络。得益于更新后的站点，COOP HPD的新版本通过更快的自动化处理，将使公众能够更快地获取数据。这些数据自1940年起，根据每个站点的安装时间不同而有所差异。这些站点几乎全部属于HPD版本1，亦称DSI-3240，自2004年至2013年间，从纸质穿孔带数据记录系统逐步升级至更为现代的电子数据记录系统。

国家气候数据中心（NCEI）通过自动化质量控制与过滤算法处理15分钟尺度的观测深度时间序列，以识别并移除由噪声、设备故障以及蒸发等自然现象导致的异常观测值，并确保量规在必要时得到适当的清空。随后，从15分钟数据中计算得到小时降水量，并通过一系列自动化算法进行质量控制，这些算法结合了对日和小时时间尺度的检查。数据和元数据每日进行摄取，并合并为单一的综合数据集。

与传统的穿孔纸记录仪器类似，电子记录器每15分钟记录一次雨量计深度。每个站点每月仍进行实地访问，但不再是收集穿孔纸（随后需要通过MITRON阅读器转换为数字记录），而是从站点的数据记录器中下载数据至存储棒，并在当地气象预报办公室（WFO）对WFO区域内的所有站点进行集中收集。WFO随后将所有数据合并为一个单一的tar文件，并通过ftp上传的方式将数据每月传输至NCEI。

此次更新的HPD包括了穿孔纸时代和近期数字时代的历史数据，以便为每个地点提供完整的记录期。这些数据的格式与NCEI全球地面数据集的实践一致。