Save for a rainy day? Simulating how current investment in escaping decisions may affect future reproductive success of males

In many species, males defending mating territories face a trade-off between survival and reproductive opportunities when escaping predators. To avoid missing mating chances, males often take greater risks in the presence of females. Because female receptivity varies seasonally, males that adjust their escape decisions according to the reproductive period may gain a selective advantage, yet the evolution of this behavioral modulation remains unexplored. We developed an individual-based simulation model to investigate how different escape strategies evolve. Males adopted one of four strategies: (i) adjusting flight initiation distance (FID) based on female presence, (ii) modifying FID according to the reproductive period, (iii) adjusting FID based on both female presence and reproductive period, or (iv) maintaining a fixed FID. Our results show that males that modulate their FID in response to female presence or during the reproductive period are favoured under conditions where delaying ..., , # Save for a rainy day? Simulating how current investment in escaping decisions may affect future reproductive success of males

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.2280gb65q](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2280gb65q)

## Description of the data and file structure

Our dataset contains the outputs generated by the individual-based simulation model described above. Each simulation represents a population of males that differ in their escape strategy, competing over multiple generations. The data include, for each generation, the frequency of each male strategy, as well as individual-level variables such as flight initiation distance (FID), survival probability, and mating success.
### Files and variables

#### File: Script_simulation.R

**Description:** The R script includes a detailed description of all parameters used in the simulations
## Code/software

The analyses and figures were produced using the following R packages: **faux**, **dplyr**, **ggplot2**, **patchwork**, **RColorBrewer**, and ...,