Labour Market Dynamics in South Africa 2015 - South Africa

Abstract
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The Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) is a household-based sample survey conducted by Statistics South Africa (StatsSA). It collects data on the labour market activities of individuals aged 15 years or older who live in South Africa. Since 2008, StatsSA have produced an annual dataset based on the QLFS data, "Labour Market Dynamics in South Africa". The dataset is constructed using data from all all four QLFS datasets in the year. The dataset also includes a number of variables (including income) that are not available in any of the QLFS datasets from 2010.

Geographic coverage
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The survey had national coverage.
The lowest level of geographic aggregation for the data is Province

Analysis unit
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Individuals

Universe
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The QLFS sample covers the non-institutional population except for those in workers' hostels. However, persons living in private dwelling units within institutions are enumerated. For example, within a school compound, one would enumerate the schoolmaster's house and teachers' accommodation because these are private dwellings. Students living in a dormitory on the school compound would, however, be excluded.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The QLFS frame has been developed as a general purpose household survey frame that can be used by all other household surveys irrespective of the sample size requirement of the survey. The sample size for the QLFS is roughly 30 000 dwellings per quarter.

The sample is based on information collected during the 2001 Population Census conducted by Stats SA. In preparation for the 2001 Census, the country was divided into 80 787 enumeration areas (EAs). Stats SA's household-based surveys use a Master Sample of Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) which comprises of EAs that are drawn from across the country.

The sample is designed to be representative at the provincial level and within provinces at the metro/non-metro level. Within the metros, the sample is further distributed by geography type. The four geography types are: urban formal, urban informal, farms and tribal. This implies, for example, that within a metropolitan area the sample is representative at the different geography types that may exist within that metro.

The current sample size is 3 080 PSUs. It is divided equally into four sub-groups or panels called rotation groups. The rotation groups are designed in such a way that each of these groups has the same distribution pattern as that which is observed in the whole sample. They are numbered from one to four and these numbers also correspond to the quarters of the year in which the sample will be rotated for the particular group.

The sample for the QLFS is based on a stratified two-stage design with probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling of primary sampling units (PSUs) in the first stage, and sampling of dwelling units (DUs) with systematic sampling in the second stage.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Data appraisal
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In the report for the 2015 LMDSA Statistics South Africa have included the following "cautionary notes":

"Mining: Caution is required when making conclusions based on the industrial profile of employed persons since the clustered nature of the Mining industry means that it might not have been adequately captured by the QLFS sample. Alternative mining estimates are also included in the Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES).
2013 Master Sample: In 2015, Stats SA introduced a new master sample based on the Census 2011 data (2013 Master Sample). A number of improvements were introduced, including efforts to improve Mining estimates through the inclusion of Mining strata in provinces where employment in this industry was more than 30% of total employment. In addition, estimates of labour market indicators at a metro level was also published for the first time."

{'Abstract': '摘要', '---------------------------': '', 'The Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) is a household-based sample survey conducted by Statistics South Africa (StatsSA). It collects data on the labour market activities of individuals aged 15 years or older who live in South Africa. Since 2008, StatsSA have produced an annual dataset based on the QLFS data, "Labour Market Dynamics in South Africa". The dataset is constructed using data from all four QLFS datasets in the year. The dataset also includes a number of variables (including income) that are not available in any of the QLFS datasets from 2010.': '南非统计局（StatsSA）进行的季度劳动力调查（QLFS）是一项基于家庭的抽样调查。该调查收集了居住在南非且年龄在15岁或以上的个人在劳动力市场中的活动数据。自2008年起，StatsSA基于QLFS数据编制了年度数据集，即《南非劳动力市场动态》。该数据集由当年四个QLFS数据集的数据构成。此外，数据集还包括了2010年之前任何QLFS数据集中均未提供的多个变量（包括收入）。', 'Geographic coverage': '地理覆盖范围', 'The survey had national coverage.': '该调查具有全国性覆盖。', 'The lowest level of geographic aggregation for the data is Province': '数据的地理聚合最低级别为省份。', 'Analysis unit': '分析单位', 'Individuals': '个人', 'Universe': '总体', "The QLFS sample covers the non-institutional population except for those in workers' hostels. However, persons living in private dwelling units within institutions are enumerated. For example, within a school compound, one would enumerate the schoolmaster's house and teachers' accommodation because these are private dwellings. Students living in a dormitory on the school compound would, however, be excluded.": 'QLFS样本涵盖了非机构人口，但排除工人宿舍内的居民。然而，居住在机构内私人住宅单元的人员将被统计。例如，在学校园区内，校长住宅和教师宿舍将被统计，因为这些是私人住宅。然而，居住在学校园区宿舍的学生则被排除在外。', 'Kind of data': '数据类型', 'Sample survey data [ssd]': '抽样调查数据[ssd]', 'Sampling procedure': '抽样程序', 'The QLFS frame has been developed as a general purpose household survey frame that can be used by all other household surveys irrespective of the sample size requirement of the survey. The sample size for the QLFS is roughly 30 000 dwellings per quarter.': 'QLFS框架已被开发为一个通用家庭调查框架，可用于所有其他家庭调查，无论调查的样本量要求如何。QLFS的样本量大约为每季度30,000个住宅。', "The sample is based on information collected during the 2001 Population Census conducted by Stats SA. In preparation for the 2001 Census, the country was divided into 80 787 enumeration areas (EAs). Stats SA's household-based surveys use a Master Sample of Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) which comprises of EAs that are drawn from across the country.": '样本基于Stats SA于2001年进行的人口普查期间收集的信息。为了准备2001年的人口普查，国家被划分为80,787个统计区域（EAs）。Stats SA的家庭调查使用的是主要抽样单位（PSUs）的主样本，这些PSUs是从全国范围内抽取的EAs。', 'The sample is designed to be representative at the provincial level and within provinces at the metro/non-metro level. Within the metros, the sample is further distributed by geography type. The four geography types are: urban formal, urban informal, farms and tribal. This implies, for example, that within a metropolitan area the sample is representative at the different geography types that may exist within that metro.': '样本被设计为在省级层面以及省内的都市/非都市层面具有代表性。在都市内部，样本进一步按地理类型分配。四种地理类型包括：正式城市、非正式城市、农场和部落。这意味着，例如，在都市区域内，样本代表了该都市内可能存在的不同地理类型。', 'The current sample size is 3 080 PSUs. It is divided equally into four sub-groups or panels called rotation groups. The rotation groups are designed in such a way that each of these groups has the same distribution pattern as that which is observed in the whole sample. They are numbered from one to four and these numbers also correspond to the quarters of the year in which the sample will be rotated for the particular group.': '当前的样本量为3,080个PSUs。这些PSUs被平均分为四个子组或面板，称为轮换组。轮换组被设计成每个组都具有与整个样本相同的分布模式。它们从1号到4号编号，这些数字也对应于样本将在其中轮换的特定组的季度。', 'The sample for the QLFS is based on a stratified two-stage design with probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling of primary sampling units (PSUs) in the first stage, and sampling of dwelling units (DUs) with systematic sampling in the second stage.': 'QLFS的样本基于分层两阶段设计，第一阶段采用与规模成比例的概率（PPS）抽样对主要抽样单位（PSUs）进行抽样，第二阶段对住宅单位（DUs）进行系统抽样。', 'Mode of data collection': '数据收集方式', 'Face-to-face [f2f]': '面对面[f2f]', 'Data appraisal': '数据评估', 'In the report for the 2015 LMDSA Statistics South Africa have included the following "cautionary notes":': '在2015年LMDSA报告中的南非统计局包括了以下"注意事项":', '"Mining: Caution is required when making conclusions based on the industrial profile of employed persons since the clustered nature of the Mining industry means that it might not have been adequately captured by the QLFS sample. Alternative mining estimates are also included in the Quarterly Employment Statistics (QES)."': '"采矿：在根据就业人员的工业特征得出结论时需谨慎，因为采矿业的集群性质意味着它可能没有被QLFS样本充分捕捉。季度就业统计（QES）中也包括了替代采矿估计。"', '2013 Master Sample: In 2015, Stats SA introduced a new master sample based on the Census 2011 data (2013 Master Sample). A number of improvements were introduced, including efforts to improve Mining estimates through the inclusion of Mining strata in provinces where employment in this industry was more than 30% of total employment. In addition, estimates of labour market indicators at a metro level was also published for the first time.': '"2013主样本：2015年，Stats SA基于2011年人口普查数据引入了新的主样本（2013主样本）。引入了多项改进，包括通过在就业占总就业量超过30%的省份中包含采矿层来改善采矿估计的努力。此外，还首次发布了都市层面的劳动力市场指标估计。"'}