Probability of annual survival () for four stage-classes of golden eagles radio-marked in the vicinity of the Altamont Pass Wind Resource Area, California, 1994–2000.

We show survival estimates with and without turbine-related and known human-caused deaths included in the analysis. All undiagnosed deaths were treated as "natural" so as to obtain a maximum estimate of natural mortality (see text). No juveniles were killed by turbine blade-strikes.