Data and code from: The continuity-contiguity problem in fragmentation-biodiversity research

A primary question for researchers in the field of conservation science
concerns the fragmentation of biodiversity-supporting habitat. Key debates
revolve around the relevance of habitat composition and configuration for
conservation outcomes. Central to this debate is the measurement and
delineation of the habitat patch, as the analytical unit from which
fragmentation-related metrics are assessed and evaluated. Despite the need
to quantify and model habitat fragmentation, the habitat patch concept
itself has been subject to criticism concerning its ability to adequately
reflect the heterogeneity of resource distributions in complex landscapes.
In this paper, we present the continuity-contiguity problem, which is one
of the fundamental challenges related to the delineation of habitat in
space, and discuss its implications for fragmentation-biodiversity
research. We outline the potential contribution of recent developments in
spatial-ecological methods and the leveraging of uncertainty in the
modelling process to address four common issues related to the habitat
patch concept. We conclude with several recommendations for studies on
fragmentation-biodiversity outcomes where the continuity-contiguity
problem may influence the research process.