The potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae, is a pest of economic crops in the United States and Canada, where it causes damage known as hopperburn. Saliva, along with mechanical injury, leads to decreases
The fungus Pandora formicae (Entomophthoromycota) is an obligatory, biotrophic pathogen of wood ants. Ants get infected through fungal spores attaching to and penetrating the exoskeleton. Fungus then