3D Image Data from In-situ X-ray Imaging Transverse Crack Growth Experiments in Human Cortical Bone

<p>This publication documents 3D image stacks from HR-pQCT imaging of a femur diaphysis, as well as image stacks for two in-situ loaded fracture mechanics specimens observed with 3D X-ray microscopy.</p>

<p><strong>Imaging</strong></p>

<p>For HR-qQCT:</p>

<p>HR-pQCT scans were acquired by Rachel Surowiec using an XtremeCT II scanner (SCANCO Medical AG, Bruttisellen, Switzerland) within the Musculoskeletal Function, Imaging and Tissue (MSK-FIT) Resource Core of the Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health’s Clinical Research Center (Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN). <span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun" data-ccp-charstyle-defn="{"ObjectId":"e4109cb5-34d2-42a9-80dc-3133b20bfe8b|135","ClassId":1073872969,"Properties":[469775450,"normaltextrun",201340122,"1",134233614,"true",469778129,"normaltextrun",335572020,"1",469778324,"Default Paragraph Font"]}">Scans are performed at 60.7 um resolution, a 68 kV, 1467 </span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">uA</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">, 43 </span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">ms</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun"> integration time, 1 frame averaging.</span> Raw scans are <span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">‘.RSQ</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">’ file types</span>. The ISQ file type were read into ImageJ using the Import<span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">-KHKs</span> <span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">Scanco</span> <span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">uCT</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun"> ISQ file reader</span> plug-in, and exported as bmp image stacks, image stacks are provided in two parts. Reconstructed images are rotated in <span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">dataviewer</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun"> so that all bones are in the same orientation (</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">prox</span><span data-ccp-charstyle="normaltextrun">/distal/anterior/posterior for the Femur).</span></p>

<p>For in-situ fracture mechanics experiments:</p>

<p>3D scans were acquired by Glynn Gallaway using a 3-point bending rig for single edged notched bend specimens with a Deben CT5000N load cell (Deben, Bury St. Edmunds, UK) in a Zeiss XRADIA 510 Versa 3D X-Ray microscope (Carl Zeiss AG, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) at Purdue University. The 3-point bending frame had a span 20 mm with X-ray transparent, glassy carbon supports. To maintain hydration, the beam was wrapped in a plastic film slit at the notch. Displacements were applied at 0.1 mm/min. Load cell outputs were monitored and recorded. Displacements are held constant during image acquisitions. The first 3D image was obtained at the onset of non-linearity. Subsequently, the displacement was increased until a load increase of 10 N was observed, and another image was obtained. This sequence was repeated 6-times until peak load. 3D X-ray images were acquired with a resolution of 4.5 um, exposure time 5 sec., 801 projections, 120 kV, 10 W, 4 x objective, and a LE2 filter. X-ray projections were processed through XRADIA Scout-and-Scan Reconstructor. A recursive Gaussian smoothing filter (s=1 pixel) was applied to reduce image artifacts. Image stacks are exported as tiff files and provided individually for each load step and specimen. Two experiments are documented (beam 1 and beam 2).</p>

<p><strong>Materials</strong></p>

<p>The diaphysis of a human (92-year-old, male) cadaveric femur was obtained through the Indiana University School of Medicine Anatomical Donation Program.</p>