Time Effects for Population Subgroups.

Sample: First-time participants in cognitive testing in the SOEP in 2006 or 2012. Population aged 50–90 at the time of interview. Regression analyses run for separate population groups and outcome measures; coefficients show time effects (2012 vs. 2006), controlling for age, age squared, and years of education. Abbreviations: SDT—Symbol-Digit Test (cognition); PCS—composite score physical health; MCS—composite score mental health. The PCS, MCS, and SDT scores have been z-standardized with a mean of 50 and a SD of 10. Significance levels *** p<0.001 **p<0.01 *p<0.05. Regressions using the eight SF-12 sub-dimensions as outcome variables are shown in S1 Table. Time Effects for Population Subgroups.