Comprehensive Global Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Structural Gene Mutations (S, E, M, N): High-Resolution Profiling from 2021 to 2024

This dataset contains amino acid mutation profiles for the SARS-CoV-2 structural genes (S, E, M, N) extracted from publicly available whole-genome sequences. Mutations are listed per sample with metadata including SampleID, country, and year where available. The data reflects mutation frequencies observed across global lineages up to 2025. Files included: Gene-specific mutation lists per sample. S_mutations.csv, E_mutations.csv, M_mutations.csv, N_mutations.csv Top 100 observed mutation patterns in the Spike (S) gene. S_top100_constellations.csv Data was processed from GISAID and GenBank sequences, aligned to Wuhan-Hu-1 (NC_045512.2), and filtered for full-length gene coverage. This resource supports studies of viral evolution, variant tracking, and genomic epidemiology.