Animal section Mechanistic insights into the role of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 in Regulating Rheumatoid Arthritis across the Gut-Joint Axis

Prior research has shown that Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 can effectively repair this arthritis-related damage with a brief intervention. In this study, we sought to determine if the strain was associated with altered gut microbiota composition and decreased inflammation and joint pain in rats suffering from collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The restoration of plasma exosomes miR-483-5p levels, which directly inhibited TUBG2 expression in the joint tissues by complementary base pairing, was linked to CCFM1078, according to multi-omics integration. It was discovered that this modulation further reduces the pyroptosis and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, maintaining articular homeostasis. After using B. breve CCFM1078 supplements, individuals with RA showed better bone metabolism, higher relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, and decreased disease activity and inflammatory biomarkers, according to pilot study validation. Through microbial-epigenetic interactions, our results highlight a unique gut-joint axis mechanism and demonstrate B. breve CCFM1078 as a possible dietary adjuvant for RA therapy.