How does the weekend catch-up sleep ratio affect the health and lifestyle of Korean adults? An age- and sex- matched study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between
various levels of physical activity, self-perception, cardiometabolic risk
factors, and weekend catch-up sleep ratio (CSR). Using raw data from the
Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018 – 2021, all
participants were divided into three groups (< 1.0, 1.0 ≤ CSR
< 1.5, or ≥ 1.5) by CSR, which is the value calculated by dividing
weekend sleep time by weekday sleep time. After matching age and sex,
2,484 Korean adults were selected as study participants. Descriptive
statistics, chi-square test, ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression
analysis were performed to analyze the data. The results showed a
significant association between weekend CSR and socioeconomic status,
physical activity, self-perception levels, and cardiometabolic risk
factors. Specifically, compared to the reference group (1 ≤ CSR <
1.5), those with a CSR < 1 were 2.42 times more likely to live in a
single-family house (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.77 – 3.32) and 1.71 times more
likely to engage in vigorous physical activity meeting WHO guidelines (OR
= 1.71, 95% CI = 1.20 – 2.46). They were also 1.33 times more likely to
perceive themselves as 'obese' (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.00 –
1.76). Conversely, those in the CSR ≥ 1.5 group were 3.93 times more
likely to be 'pink-collar' workers (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 2.70 –
5.71), 1.72 times more likely to perceive their stress levels as
'quite' (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.20 – 2.47), and 1.87 times more
likely to have diabetes (OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 0.97 – 3.60). Alterations in
CSR could indicate changes in physical activity levels, sedentary behavior
duration, and other health indicators, ultimately influencing overall
well-being. Therefore, a comprehensive healthcare approach incorporating
CSR considerations is increasingly essential.