Thermal tolerance of the rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea and its parasitoids: Effect of low temperatures on some fitness activities of Aphidius matricariae

This study aimed at evaluating the critical thermal minimum of the rosy apple aphid Dysaphis plantaginea and of two parasitoid species: Aphidius matricariae and Ephedrus cerasicola. In addition, we evaluated some fitness traits of the parasitoid at four temperatures: 20, 15, 10 and 8°C.