Gender and age-related differences of ccular biometric parameters in patients undergoing cataract surgery in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Purpose: To determine the distribution and mutual relationship of ocular
biometric parameters, as well as to evaluate gender- and age-related
differences in patients undergoing cataract surgery in Bosnia and
Herzegovina. Materials and methods: It was a retrospective cross-sectional
study of consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery between
January 2017 and December 2021 in a tertiary care clinic. All biometric
measurements were performed using the optical biometer OA-2000 (Tomey,
Nagoya, Japan). Results: The study evaluated 1278 eyes from 1278
consecutive cataract patients. The average age of all included patients
was 69.4 ± 9.98 (range 40–96). A total of 672 eyes (52.58%) were from
females. The mean axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens
thickness (LT), and mean keratometry were 23.46±1.18mm, 3.17±0.40mm,
4.54±0.48mm, 43.42±1.55D respectively. Corneal astigmatism of ≥1D,
>2D and >3D was found in 33.4%, 7.8% and 2.5% patients,
respectively. Females were found to have shorter AL (p<0.0001),
shallower ACD (p<0.0001) and steeper corneas (p<0.0001). In
both genders, AL, ACD and with-the-rule astigmatism showed a decreasing
trend (p=0.0001), while keratometry, the average cylinder, and
against-the-rule astigmatism showed an increasing trend (p=0.0001) with
increasing age. Furthermore, in both genders, there was an increasing
trend in ACD (p=0.0001), and a decreasing trend in keratometry (p=0.0001)
and LT (p=0.0001) with increasing AL. Conclusions: This study provides
useful reference data on ocular biometry for cataract surgeons in Bosnia
and Herzegovina. Female patients tend to have steeper corneas, shorter AL
and shallower AC than males, and these differences are independent of age
or AL.