---
annotations_creators:
- crowdsourced
language_creators:
- found
language:
- en
license:
- cc-by-sa-3.0
multilinguality:
- monolingual
size_categories:
- 10K<n<100K
source_datasets:
- original
task_categories:
- text-classification
task_ids:
- natural-language-inference
paperswithcode_id: boolq
pretty_name: BoolQ
dataset_info:
features:
- name: question
dtype: string
- name: answer
dtype: bool
- name: passage
dtype: string
splits:
- name: train
num_bytes: 5829584
num_examples: 9427
- name: validation
num_bytes: 1998182
num_examples: 3270
download_size: 4942776
dataset_size: 7827766
configs:
- config_name: default
data_files:
- split: train
path: data/train-*
- split: validation
path: data/validation-*
---
# Dataset Card for Boolq
## Table of Contents
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
- [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
- [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
- [Data Instances](#data-instances)
- [Data Fields](#data-fields)
- [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
- [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
- [Source Data](#source-data)
- [Annotations](#annotations)
- [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
- [Citation Information](#citation-information)
- [Contributions](#contributions)
## Dataset Description
- **Homepage:** [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
- **Repository:** https://github.com/google-research-datasets/boolean-questions
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10044
- **Point of Contact:** [More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 8.77 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 7.83 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 16.59 MB
### Dataset Summary
BoolQ is a question answering dataset for yes/no questions containing 15942 examples. These questions are naturally
occurring ---they are generated in unprompted and unconstrained settings.
Each example is a triplet of (question, passage, answer), with the title of the page as optional additional context.
The text-pair classification setup is similar to existing natural language inference tasks.
### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Languages
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Dataset Structure
### Data Instances
#### default
- **Size of downloaded dataset files:** 8.77 MB
- **Size of the generated dataset:** 7.83 MB
- **Total amount of disk used:** 16.59 MB
An example of 'validation' looks as follows.
```
This example was too long and was cropped:
{
"answer": false,
"passage": "\"All biomass goes through at least some of these steps: it needs to be grown, collected, dried, fermented, distilled, and burned...",
"question": "does ethanol take more energy make that produces"
}
```
### Data Fields
The data fields are the same among all splits.
#### default
- `question`: a `string` feature.
- `answer`: a `bool` feature.
- `passage`: a `string` feature.
### Data Splits
| name |train|validation|
|-------|----:|---------:|
|default| 9427| 3270|
## Dataset Creation
### Curation Rationale
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Source Data
#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### Who are the source language producers?
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Annotations
#### Annotation process
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### Who are the annotators?
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Personal and Sensitive Information
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Considerations for Using the Data
### Social Impact of Dataset
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Discussion of Biases
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Other Known Limitations
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## Additional Information
### Dataset Curators
[More Information Needed](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### Licensing Information
BoolQ is released under the [Creative Commons Share-Alike 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) license.
### Citation Information
```
@inproceedings{clark2019boolq,
title = {BoolQ: Exploring the Surprising Difficulty of Natural Yes/No Questions},
author = {Clark, Christopher and Lee, Kenton and Chang, Ming-Wei, and Kwiatkowski, Tom and Collins, Michael, and Toutanova, Kristina},
booktitle = {NAACL},
year = {2019},
}
```
### Contributions
Thanks to [@lewtun](https://github.com/lewtun), [@lhoestq](https://github.com/lhoestq), [@thomwolf](https://github.com/thomwolf), [@patrickvonplaten](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten), [@albertvillanova](https://github.com/albertvillanova) for adding this dataset.
annotations_creators:
- 众包(crowdsourced)
language_creators:
- 现有公开文本复用
language:
- 英语(en)
license:
- 知识共享署名-相同方式共享3.0协议(cc-by-sa-3.0)
multilinguality:
- 单语言
size_categories:
- 10000 < n < 100000
source_datasets:
- 原创数据集
task_categories:
- 文本分类
task_ids:
- 自然语言推理(Natural Language Inference)
paperswithcode_id: boolq
pretty_name: BoolQ
dataset_info:
features:
- name: 问题(question)
dtype: 字符串
- name: 答案(answer)
dtype: 布尔值
- name: 段落(passage)
dtype: 字符串
splits:
- name: 训练集(train)
num_bytes: 5829584
num_examples: 9427
- name: 验证集(validation)
num_bytes: 1998182
num_examples: 3270
download_size: 4942776
dataset_size: 7827766
configs:
- config_name: 默认配置(default)
data_files:
- split: 训练集(train)
path: data/train-*
- split: 验证集(validation)
path: data/validation-*
# BoolQ数据集卡片
## 目录
- [数据集描述](#dataset-description)
- [数据集摘要](#dataset-summary)
- [支持任务与基准榜单](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
- [语言](#languages)
- [数据集结构](#dataset-structure)
- [数据实例](#data-instances)
- [数据字段](#data-fields)
- [数据划分](#data-splits)
- [数据集构建](#dataset-creation)
- [构建初衷](#curation-rationale)
- [源数据](#source-data)
- [标注信息](#annotations)
- [个人与敏感信息](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [数据集使用注意事项](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
- [数据集的社会影响](#social-impact-of-dataset)
- [偏见讨论](#discussion-of-biases)
- [其他已知局限性](#other-known-limitations)
- [附加信息](#additional-information)
- [数据集维护者](#dataset-curators)
- [许可证信息](#licensing-information)
- [引用信息](#citation-information)
- [贡献致谢](#contributions)
## 数据集描述
- **主页:** [更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
- **代码仓库:** https://github.com/google-research-datasets/boolean-questions
- **论文:** https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10044
- **联系方式:** [更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
- **下载数据集文件大小:** 8.77 MB
- **生成后数据集大小:** 7.83 MB
- **总磁盘占用空间:** 16.59 MB
### 数据集摘要
BoolQ是一款面向是非类问题的问答数据集,共计包含15942条样本。此类问题均为自然生成,即在无提示、无约束的场景下自发产生。
每条样本均为(问题、段落、答案)三元组,可附加页面标题作为可选上下文。该数据集采用文本对分类的任务设定,与现有自然语言推理任务范式高度相似。
### 支持任务与基准榜单
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 语言
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## 数据集结构
### 数据实例
#### 默认配置
- **下载数据集文件大小:** 8.77 MB
- **生成后数据集大小:** 7.83 MB
- **总磁盘占用空间:** 16.59 MB
一条验证集样本示例如下:
该示例过长已被截断:
{
"answer": false,
"passage": ""All biomass goes through at least some of these steps: it needs to be grown, collected, dried, fermented, distilled, and burned...",
"question": "does ethanol take more energy make that produces"
}
### 数据字段
所有数据划分的字段定义保持一致。
#### 默认配置
- `question`:字符串类型特征字段,存储问题文本
- `answer`:布尔类型特征字段,存储是非类答案
- `passage`:字符串类型特征字段,存储参考段落文本
### 数据划分
| 划分名称 | 训练集样本数 | 验证集样本数 |
|-------|----:|---------:|
| 默认配置 | 9427 | 3270 |
## 数据集构建
### 构建初衷
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 源数据
#### 初始数据收集与标准化处理
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### 源语言文本创作者
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 标注信息
#### 标注流程
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
#### 标注人员构成
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 个人与敏感信息说明
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## 数据集使用注意事项
### 数据集的社会影响
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 偏见讨论
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 其他已知局限性
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
## 附加信息
### 数据集维护者
[更多信息待补充](https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#how-to-contribute-to-the-dataset-cards)
### 许可证信息
BoolQ采用知识共享署名-相同方式共享3.0(Creative Commons Share-Alike 3.0)协议发布。
### 引用信息
@inproceedings{clark2019boolq,
title = {BoolQ: 探索自然是非类问题的出人意料难度},
author = {Clark, Christopher and Lee, Kenton and Chang, Ming-Wei, and Kwiatkowski, Tom and Collins, Michael, and Toutanova, Kristina},
booktitle = {北美计算语言学协会会议(NAACL)},
year = {2019},
}
### 贡献致谢
感谢[@lewtun](https://github.com/lewtun)、[@lhoestq](https://github.com/lhoestq)、[@thomwolf](https://github.com/thomwolf)、[@patrickvonplaten](https://github.com/patrickvonplaten)、[@albertvillanova](https://github.com/albertvillanova) 为本数据集的收录提供支持。