Steady state temperature measurement and rock thermal properties data of geothermal wells in Tashkurgan Basin

This dataset presents terrestrial heat flow measurements, rock thermophysical properties, and radiogenic heat production data collected from the northeastern margin of the Pamir Plateau, northwestern China (longitude: ~75°E, latitude: ~37°–38°N). Data were collected between 2024 from four geothermal boreholes (TK1, KH2, KH4, and ZK9) located in the Tashkurgan Basin and Quman geothermal field. Borehole temperature profiles were obtained using platinum resistance sensors (sensitivity: 0.01 K; accuracy: 0.2 K) during continuous steady-state logging. Thermal conductivity was measured on 43 rock core samples (depths: 40–2300 m; lithologies: mudstone, argillaceous sandstone, sandstone, and gneiss) using the Transient Plane Source (TPS) method under ambient conditions, with subsequent corrections applied for in-situ temperature and pressure. Radiogenic heat production was calculated from uranium and thorium concentrations (measured by ICP-MS) and potassium content (measured by flame photometry) following the Rybach (1976) equation.