Monitoring presence, abundance and flight phenology of three moth species of spruce cone pests, the spruce seed moth, Cydia strobilella, the spruce coneworm, Dioryctria abietella, and the cloaked pug, Eupithecia abietaria, in Swedish spruce seed orchards 2010-2015

The study included three moth species which are pests in seed orchards of Norway spruce, Picea abies: the spruce seed moth, Cydia strobilella, the spruce coneworm, Dioryctria abietella, and the cloaked pug, Eupithecia abietaria. The study was performed in southern Sweden in 2010-2015 and included five seed orchards and one clone archive. Pheromone-baited traps were used to monitor the presence, adundance and flight phenology of the three moth pests. In addition, surveys of cone production were performed at each site, and cones were collected and dissected to check for presence and frequency of larvae of the different pests to evaluate damage on the cone crop.