Single-cell and single-nucleus RNAseq of the human and mouse skeletal muscle across age

This study aims to characterize the diversity of cell types in human skeletal muscle across age using two complementary technologies: single-cell and single-nucleus sequencing, which provide a comprehensive coverage of cell types in the muscle. We leveraged the aforementioned datasets to study change in cell type composition and gene expression between young (n= 8, approx. 20-40 yrs) and old (n = 9, approx. 60-80 yrs) adults, highlighting changes in the major skeletal muscle compartments, muscle satellite cells, myofiber and muscle microenvironment including stromal, immune and vascular cell types. Additionally, we generated a complementary mouse muscle aging dataset by profiling hindlimb muscles from young (n = 5, 3 months) versus old mice (n = 3, 19 months), using single-cell and single-nucleus sequencing for comparison.本研究旨在利用两种互补的技术——单细胞测序（single-cell sequencing）与单细胞核测序（single-nucleus sequencing），系统解析人类骨骼肌随年龄变化的细胞类型多样性，这两种技术可全面覆盖肌肉组织中的各类细胞类型。本研究利用上述数据集，探究青年（n=8，年龄约20~40岁）与老年（n=9，年龄约60~80岁）成年人之间的细胞类型组成与基因表达变化，重点揭示主要骨骼肌分区、肌肉卫星细胞、肌纤维以及包括基质细胞、免疫细胞与血管细胞在内的肌肉微环境的相关变化。此外，为开展对比研究，本研究利用单细胞测序与单细胞核测序技术，对青年（n=5，3月龄）与老年（n=3，19月龄）小鼠的后肢骨骼肌进行测序分析，构建了配套的小鼠肌肉衰老数据集。