The role of altered lipid composition and distribution in liver fibrosis revealed by multimodal nonlinear optical microscopy

To reveal the involved gene regulatory pathways, we carried out RNA-seq transcriptomics analysis on the cells treated with or without PA, treated with PA+OA and PA+BMS. con: HepaRG without treated for 4h. PA: HepaRG were treated with 400μM deuterium-labeled palmitate acid (PA) for 4h. PA+OA: HepaRG were treated with 400μM PA and 200μM oleic acid (OA) for 4h PA+BMS: HepaRG were treated with 50μM BMS-309403 (BMS) for 24 h during concomitant incubation with 400μM PA for 4 h.