Transcriptome analysis of durum wheat flag leaves reveals that the adverse effect of heat stress on gene expression is partially compensated by elevated CO2

Global warming is becoming a significant problem for food security, particularly in the Mediterranean basin. The use of molecular techniques to study gene-level responses to environmental changes in non-model organisms is increasing and may help to improve the mechanisticunderstanding of durum wheat response to elevated CO2 and high temperature. With this purpose, we performed transcriptome RNA-seq analyses combined with physiological and biochemical studies inthe flag leaf of plants grown in field chambers at ear emergence.