[Dataset] Green nanotechnology in biomaterials: characterization of starch-based scaffolds with Turbinaria conoides-synthesized copper oxide nanocomposites

This dataset offers a holistic analysis of starch-based nanocomposite scaffolds functionalized with copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) synthesized using Turbinaria conoides, a marine brown algae, via an eco-friendly green chemistry approach. UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) confirms CuO NP formation through characteristic absorption peaks, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) identifies bioactive phytochemicals in the algal extract responsible for nanoparticle reduction and stabilization, as well as molecular interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonding) between starch polymers and CuO NPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) validates the crystalline structure and phase purity of the biosynthesized nanoparticles, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the nanoscaffold’s interconnected porous network, surface roughness, and uniform nanoparticle distribution. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) assesses thermal degradation patterns, demonstrating enhanced stability of the nanocomposite due to CuO NP reinforcement. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) provides insights into nanoparticle size distribution, zeta potential, and colloidal stability, critical for evaluating biocompatibility. The study emphasizes the role of Turbinaria conoides extract in enabling energy-efficient, nontoxic synthesis of CuO NPs while improving scaffold functionality, such as mechanical resilience and controlled biodegradation in physiological environments. These starch-algae nanocomposites hold promise for sustainable biomaterial applications, including tissue regeneration, antimicrobial wound dressings, or eco-friendly packaging. By integrating green nanotechnology with advanced characterization techniques, this dataset provides a blueprint for designing scalable, environmentally benign nanohybrid systems. Researchers can utilize these findings to refine algal-mediated synthesis protocols, tailor scaffold architectures, and validate the performance of bio-derived nanomaterials in multidisciplinary contexts, bridging ecological sustainability with cutting-edge material science.