A dataset of glacier velocity in the Eastern Pamir based on Landsat from 1989 to 2020

Glacier movement is closely related to mass balance, thickness, temperature state, and hydraulic characteristics of a glacier. With climate change, the glacier velocity is the key factor to control the advance and retreat of a glacier, the results in the response to changes in the length, area, and thickness of the glacier. Therefore, long-term monitoring of glacier movement is essential. The method based on the stakes can obtain the data with high accuracy, but it has limitations in time and space, with the rapid development of remote sensing technology, glacier velocity based on remote sensing data has a wealth of data sources. A large number of glaciers developed in the Eastern Pamir, which is the source of water resources in the lower Kashgar Prefecture, and have been of great significance to the future social and economic development and ecological civilization construction. This study collected Landsat 5, 7, and 8 images from 1989 to 2020, and extracted the Eastern Pamir glacier movement velocity dataset (GeoTIFF format, 32-bit floating-point) based on the feature offset-tracking method, with a spatial resolution of 240 m or 480 m, and the maximum error of glacier movement velocity is ±0.051 m d-1. In order to retain the original process data, in addition to the glacier movement velocity data (glacV), this dataset also retains the north-south displacement (NS), east-west displacement (EW), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the movement velocity value of the entire image (V). This dataset can be used as basic survey data for glacier research, as well as the input to glacier dynamics models, which provide data support for glacier change and prediction, glacier resource utilization and disaster prevention research.