塔吉克斯坦历史极端降水逐年数据集（1981-2024）

本数据提供塔吉克斯坦极端降水历史数据集（1981–2024），是基于CHIRPS日尺度降水数据（空间分辨率0.05°×0.05°），系统记录并量化了区域内长达44年的极端降水特征，主要包括四个核心气候指标：R95pTOT、R99pTOT、RX1day、RX5day，即日降水量大于基准期内95百分位值的降水量总和、日降水量大于基准期内99百分位值的降水量总和、年内日降水量最大值、年内最大连续5日降水量总和。数据内容充分反映了极端气候事件的频率与强度变化，对于识别高风险区域与历史极端事件演变趋势具有重要意义。数据来源于高时空分辨率的CHIRPS降水数据集（由Climate Hazards Group开发），通过多源遥感、气象站观测与统计融合获得。在数据处理过程中，首先按统一坐标系和空间分辨率进行栅格处理，再精确计算指标，确保与未来气候预测数据保持一致。数据质量较高，已广泛用于气候变化背景下的降水异常识别与评估，具有良好的时空连续性和可信度。该历史数据集可为极端降水趋势模拟提供基准参考，并广泛支持防灾减灾、水资源调控、农业气象分析和区域气候适应性政策制定，具有重要的研究与应用价值。

This dataset provides the historical extreme precipitation dataset for Tajikistan (1981–2024), which is developed based on the daily precipitation data from CHIRPS with a spatial resolution of 0.05°×0.05°. It systematically records and quantifies the extreme precipitation characteristics of the region over a 44-year period, mainly including four core climate indicators: R95pTOT, R99pTOT, RX1day, and RX5day. Specifically, R95pTOT refers to the total precipitation from days with daily precipitation exceeding the 95th percentile of the reference period; R99pTOT refers to the total precipitation from days with daily precipitation exceeding the 99th percentile of the reference period; RX1day refers to the maximum daily precipitation in a year; and RX5day refers to the maximum total precipitation over consecutive 5 days in a year. The dataset fully reflects the changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme climate events, and is of great significance for identifying high-risk regions and the evolutionary trends of historical extreme events.

The dataset is derived from the high spatiotemporal resolution CHIRPS precipitation dataset (developed by the Climate Hazards Group), which is obtained through the fusion of multi-source remote sensing data, meteorological station observations and statistical methods. During the data processing, raster processing is first performed according to a unified coordinate system and spatial resolution, followed by accurate calculation of the indicators to ensure consistency with future climate projection data. The dataset has high data quality, has been widely used in the identification and assessment of precipitation anomalies under the context of climate change, and has good spatiotemporal continuity and reliability.

This historical dataset can provide a benchmark reference for extreme precipitation trend simulation, and extensively supports disaster prevention and mitigation, water resource regulation, agrometeorological analysis and regional climate adaptation policy formulation, with important research and application value.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了塔吉克斯坦1981年至2024年的历史极端降水数据，包含四个核心气候指标，数据来源于高分辨率的CHIRPS降水数据集，质量较高，适用于气候变化研究和防灾减灾等领域。