Latin America: economic sectors hit by COVID-19, based on GDP share

According to recent estimates, the most affected sectors by the coronavirus pandemic in Latin America would be wholesale and retail trade as well as services in general, such as tourism, foodservice, transport, and communications. In 2020, this group of most affected sectors was forecasted to represent more than 16 percent of Brazil’s gross domestic product (GDP). Among the countries shown in this graph, Brazil is the nation where sectors moderately affected by the pandemic could represent the highest contribution to GDP (75.8 percent).Which Latin American economies were most vulnerable to the pandemic?In 2020, the economic sectors most affected by the coronavirus pandemic - wholesale and retail, hotels and restaurants, transport and services in general - were forecasted to account for 35.5 percent of Panama’s GDP. In addition, the moderately and most affected economic segments were estimated to contribute the most to Panama’s GDP (a combined 97.6 percent) than any other country in this region. A similar scenario was projected in Mexico, where the sectors that would least suffer the pandemic's negative effects would account for only 3.4 percent of GDP.Did the pandemic put a stop to economic growth in Latin America?Economic growth changed dramatically after the COVID-19 outbreak. Most of the largest economies in Latin America fell under recession in 2020. Estimates predict a more optimistic scenario for 2021, with countries such as Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina growing their GDP at least five percent.

根据最新估计，拉丁美洲受新冠疫情影响最严重的行业为批发和零售贸易以及服务业，包括旅游业、餐饮业、交通运输和通讯。2020年，这一群体受影响的行业预计将占巴西国内生产总值（GDP）的16%以上。在图表所展示的国家中，巴西是受疫情中度影响行业对GDP贡献最高的国家，达到75.8%。哪些拉丁美洲经济体对疫情最为脆弱？2020年，受新冠疫情影响最严重的经济部门——批发和零售、酒店和餐饮、交通运输及服务业——预计将占巴拿马GDP的35.5%。此外，受中度及严重影响的经济部分预计将对巴拿马的GDP贡献最大（合计97.6%），高于本区域其他国家。墨西哥也预测了类似的情景，受疫情负面影响最小的行业仅占GDP的3.4%。疫情是否终结了拉丁美洲的经济增长？自COVID-19疫情爆发以来，经济增长发生了显著变化。拉丁美洲大部分最大经济体在2020年陷入衰退。预测显示，2021年将出现更加乐观的情景，墨西哥、哥伦比亚和阿根廷等国家的GDP增长率预计至少为5%。