THE HISTORICAL ROOTS OF THE MAHALLA INSTITUTION IN THE BUKHARA REGION

This article examines the historical roots of the mahalla institution in the Bukhara region and its role in the social and cultural life of the population. The study analyzes the formation and development of mahallas from ancient times to the modern period, highlighting their importance as traditional self-governing community structures. Special attention is given to the role of mahallas during the Bukhara Emirate, the transformations that occurred during the Soviet era, and the revival of the institution after the independence of Uzbekistan. The article also discusses the social functions of mahallas, including mutual assistance, preservation of traditions, conflict resolution, and community solidarity. The research demonstrates that the mahalla remains an essential element of Uzbek society and an important part of the cultural heritage of the Bukhara region.