Research on Performance Enhancement and Measurement Technology of Focused Field in the 10 PW Laser System of the SULF Laser Facility

The rapid development of ultra strong and ultra short laser technology has increased the peak power of lasers from the terawatt level to the petawatt or even ten petawatt level. As the core technical indicator of the interaction between laser and matter, the precise measurement and optimization of the focused optical field has become the key to achieving extreme physical experimental conditions. This article focuses on the 10 PW laser focusing light field of the Shanghai Ultra Short Laser Experimental Facility (Xihe Laser, SULF), and studies its key performance indicators, influencing factors, and measurement techniques. The article summarizes and analyzes key technologies such as wavefront distortion correction, spatiotemporal coupling effect suppression, and vacuum environment measurement. By using a two-stage adaptive optics system to optimize wavefront distortion, laser output with peak intensity ≥ 5 × 1022 W/cm2 was ultimately achieved. This achievement provides a reliable extreme physics experimental platform for cutting-edge scientific research such as high-energy density physics and laboratory astrophysics.