Bile acid toxicity on intestinal Paneth Cells contributes to gut dysbiosis induced by high fat feeding

High fat feeding (HF) leads to gut dysbiosis, mucosal inflammation, impairment of mucosa permeability, and metabolic endotoxemia. It is unclear how HF induces gut dysbiosis. HF diets (HFD) lead to increased bile acid production and high concentrations of it in the circulation. Recently we reported G protein coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) is present in the intestinal Paneth cells. We hypothesize bile acids may act on intestinal Paneth cells to disrupt production of anti-microbial peptides leading to gut dysbiosis.