Global meta-analysis dataset: Organic amendments and soil organic carbon in croplands

This dataset contains data used in the manuscript "Distinct mechanisms of different types of organic amendments interact with environmental conditions to control soil organic carbon accumulation in croplands: a global meta-analysis". Enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) in croplands is critical for advancing food security and climate change mitigation. However, the global potential, regional effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of SOC sequestration through different types of organic amendments remain poorly resolved. Here, we performed a meta-analysis based on 743 paired observations from 325 published studies to resolve the issues at a global scale. By integrating a hybrid ensemble of eight machine-learning models to impute missing observational data and coupling this enhanced dataset with structural equation modeling, this study clarified how different types of organic amendments influenced the SOC sequestration, identifying where each amendment performs best and uncovering the underlying mechanisms. Results demonstrated that organic amendments significantly increase SOC in cropland by an average of 25.93% (P