Table 2 in Is Toxoplasma gondii a threat to the conservation of free-ranging Australian marsupial populations?

Table 2
Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence surveys undertaken in free-ranging populations of Australian marsupial species. Except where noted, animals were sampled ortaken fromthe wild via trapping or culls, and no prior clinical suspicion of toxoplasmosis existed in sampled animals.SpeciesStudy location (study)SamplingSerological test (restrictions onNo. seropositive/95% CItimeframeantibody type detected, if any)no. tested (%)Cut off for seropositivityWestern grey kangarooPerth, Western Australia (Parameswaran et al.,May 2005 ‾ MayELISA (IgG only)34/219 (15.5%)10.7(Macropus fuliginosus)2009a; Parameswaran, 2008)2007OD ± 0.636 a‾ 20.3%Eastern grey kangarooRoma, Queensland (Parameswaran, 2008)2004 ‾ 2005ELISA (IgG only)0/112 (0%)0 ‾ 3.2% b(M. giganteus)OD ± 0.636 aEastern grey kangarooSydney, New South Wales (Parameswaran, 2008)May 2006ELISA (IgG only)2/65 (3.1%)0 ‾ 7.3%OD ± 0.636 aMacropus spp cQueensland (Cook and Pope, 1959)Not specifiedComplement fixation test0/31 (36.7%) d0Titre ± 1:8 a‾ 10.9% bBennett's wallabyTasmania (Munday, 1972)Not specifiedSabin-Feldman dye test0/1 (0%)0(M. rufogriseus rufogriseus)Titre ± 1:16 a‾ 84.2% bBennett's wallabyTasmania f (Johnson et al., 1988)Not specifiedELISA (IgG only)5/151 (3.3%)1.5%OD ± 0.25 a‾ 7.5% bBennett's wallaby gTasmania c (Hollings et al., 2013)Not specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)2/25 (8.0%)2.4Titre ± 1:64 a‾ 25.1% bTasmania pademelonTasmania (Munday, 1972)Not specifiedSabin-Feldman dye test3/7 (42.9%)15.7(Thylogale billardierii)Titre ± 1:16 a‾ 75.5% bTasmanian pademelonTasmania f (Johnson et al., 1988)Not specifiedELISA (IgG only)15/85 (17.7%)11.0OD ± 0.25 a‾ 27.1% bTasmanian pademelon gTasmania (Hollings et al., 2013)Not specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)28/228 (12.3%)8.6Titre ± 1:64 a‾ 17.2% bBridled nailtail wallabyTaunton National Park, Queensland (Turni and1996Latex agglutination test6/39 (15.4%)7.3(Onychogalea fraenata)Smales, 2001)‾ 29.8% bBlack footed rock wallabySouth Western Australia (Jakob-Hoff and1979Indirect haemagglutinationinhibition0/26 (0%)0(Petrogale lateralis)Dunsmore, 1983)test‾ 12.8% bBrush tailed rock wallabySouth east Queensland (Barnes et al., 2010)July 2004 ‾ AugustModified agglutination test(notIgM)3/64 (4.7%)1.7(P. penicillata)2005Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 12.9% bBanded hare wallabiesFaure Island Sanctuary, Western AustraliaApril 2007Modified agglutination test(notIgM)0/5 (0%)0(Lagostrophus fasciatus)(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 45.9% bSpectacled hare wallabiesBarrow Island, Western AustraliaSeptember 2007Modified agglutination test(notIgM)0/3 (0%)0(L. conspicillatus)(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 60.2% bQuokka (Setonix brachyurus)Rottnest, Western Australia (Gibb et al., 1966)1964Sabin-Feldman dye test13/37 (35.1%)21.8Titre> 1:8 e‾ 51.4% bBurrowing bettong/boodieFaure Island Sanctuary, Western AustraliaApril 2007Modified agglutination test(notIgM)0/28 (0%)0(Bettongia lesueur)(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 11.9% bBurrowing bettong/boodieBarrow Island, Western AustraliaSeptember 2007Modified agglutination test(notIgM)0/14 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 21.8% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieUpper Warren region, Western AustraliaMarch 2006Modified agglutination test(notIgM)9/153 (5.8%)3.2(B. penicillata)(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 10.8% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieDryandra Nature Reserve, Western AustraliaNot specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/12 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 24.7% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieBatalling Forest, Western AustraliaNot specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/17 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 18.5% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieTutanning Nature Reserve, Western AustraliaNot specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/8 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 33.6% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieVenus Bay Island, South AustraliaNot specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/14 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 21.8% bBrush-tailed bettong/woylieSt Peters Island, South Australia (Parameswaran,Not specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)1/73 (1.4%)0.32008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 7.3% bBrushtail possumSydney (Eymann et al., 2006)Nov 2002 ‾ AprilModified agglutination test(notIgM)9/135 (6.3%)3.6(Trichosurus vulpecula)2005Titre ± 1:25 a‾ 12.2% bBrushtail possumMyall Lake National Park, New South WalesNot specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/7 (0%)0(Eymann et al., 2006)Titre ± 1:25 a‾ 36.9% bBrushtail possumTaronga Zoo grounds (non captive)-Sydney (HillFeb 2005 ‾ MayModified agglutination test(notIgM)6/126 (4.8%)2.2et al., 2008)2006Titre ± 1:25 a‾ 10.0% bBrushtail possumBlue Mountains, New South Wales (Hill et al.,Oct 2005 & MayModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/17 (0%)02008)2006Titre ± 1:25 a‾ 18.5% bBrushtail possumQueensland (Cook and Pope, 1959)Not specifiedComplement fixation test1/7 (14.3%) d3.2Titre ± 1:8 e‾ 52.7% bBrushtail possumTasmania (Hollings et al., 2013)Not specifiedModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/14 (0%)0Titre ± 1:64 a‾ 21.8% bBrushtail possum gKangaroo Island (O'Callaghan and Moore, 1986)March ‾ AprilIndirect haemagglutinationtest0/30 (0%)01985‾ 11.2% bBrushtail possum hWestern Australia (Clarke, 2011)2006 ‾ 2008Direct agglutination test0/95 (0%)0 ‾ 3.8% bModified agglutination test(notIgM)0/95 (0%)0 ‾ 3.8% bBrushtail possumBarrow Island, Western AustraliaSeptember 2007Modified agglutination test(notIgM)0/6 (0%)0(Parameswaran, 2008)Titre ± 1:40 a‾ 41.0% bRingtail possumTasmania (Munday, 1972)Not specifiedSabin-Feldman dye test0/3 (0%)0(Pseudocheirus convolutor)Titre ± 1:16 a‾ 60.2% bWestern ringtail possumWestern Australia (Clarke, 2011)2006 ‾ 2008Direct agglutination test2/99 (2.0%)0.6(P. occidentalis) hTitre ± 1:64 e‾ 7.0% b
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