miRNA profiling of human muscle and serum exosomes samples throughout TRAD and HITT training and detraining

The randomized, dose-response PHITE (Precision High-Intensity Training Through Epigenetics) clinical trial used molecular and phenomic profiling to compare responses to traditional (TRAD) endurance -plus resistance training (TRAD) and high-intensity tactical training (HITT). Serum exosomal-derived microRNAs were profiled from 90 individuals throughout a 12-week traditional (TRAD) or high-intensity tactical training (HITT) intervention and after a subsequent 4-week detraining period. miRNA data and associated molecular and phenomic profiling was used to (1) assess the affects of TRAD and HITT on physiological performance and body composition, (2) assess the integrated biocircuitry driving exercise adaptations and response heterogeneity and (3) define the effects of early-phase detraining. Overall design: Small RNA sequencing of miRNA was performed on vastus lateralis muscle biopsies and seum exosome samples from male and female participants throughout 12 weeks of either TRAD or HITT exercsie and after a 4-week detraining period. Nine serum samples were collected from each individual (pre-exercise, 0, 3 and 24hr after the first week 0 round of exercise, repeated in week 12, and a final week 16 detraining sample). Seven muscle biopsies were collected in parallel (same timepoints as serum, but excluding the 0hr timepoint in week 0 and week 12). Exosomal RNA was purified from serum. Total mRNA was isolated from muscle and enriched for small RNA. Barcoded, pooled libraries were sequenced on the IonTorrent Proton using Ion P1 chips.