16S amplicon sequencing data from soil and plant compartments in the Kerguelen archipelago

Plants are closely associated with microorganisms that contribute to their fitness, nutrient acquisition, and tolerance to environmental stress. In isolated environments like the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands, endemic plant species and their microbiota have coevolved under climatic and edaphic constraints in complete isolation, yet the composition and structuring drivers of these plant-associated microbial communities remain poorly understood. Here, we characterize bacterial assemblages across five plant compartments (bulk soil, rhizosphere, roots, leaf endosphere, and leaf surface) of two phylogenetically distant and endemic plant species, Poa kerguelensis and Pringlea antiscorbutica, along altitudinal gradients in fellfield ecosystems.