大樱桃莱州脆（Hardy Giant）引种试验栽培

1999年，我们通过国家948项目由中国种子进出口公司从美国加州引进了大樱桃Hardy Giant等品种，通过整株引进品种和砧木，建立了品种比较试验园，经过8年的多点试验观察，确认某一综合性状优良的中晚熟大樱桃品种-莱州脆，就是通过这个项目引进消化创新育成的甜樱桃品种，其果个较大，平均单果重9.8g，果面鲜红色，果肉脆，汁液浓，具香气，酸甜适口，可溶性固形物含量18%，果实发育期60—65天，早果性，丰产性极强，具有一定的抗冻、抗裂果特性，大大丰富了我国大樱桃的品种资源。 本项目选题正确，试验设计合理，技术路线正确，数据可靠，总体达到国内同类研究的领先水平。 本园艺场充分发挥 “全国苗木第一村”的优势，采用嫁接方法培育优质苗木，加上2009年1月，莱州脆通过了山东省林木品种审定委员会审定（编号鲁R-ETS-PA-007-2008），2009年7月，山东省科技厅农业科技成果转化资金莱州脆甜樱桃新品种苗木规模化繁育项目的启动，大大加速了甜樱桃新品种莱州脆的扩大试栽和推广。目前，已在莱州当地发展5320亩，在全省及北京、辽宁、河北、甘肃和山西等全国部分适宜种植区累计推广种植6.5万余亩，新增社会效益192934万元，经济效益和社会效益显著，有利地促进我地乃至我国林业产业结构优化升级和实现林业行业技术跨越。In 1999, we introduced sweet cherry cultivars including Hardy Giant via China's National 948 Project from China National Seed Import and Export Corporation to California, USA. We established a cultivar comparison trial orchard by introducing whole plants of the target cultivars and their rootstocks. After 8 years of multi-location trial observations, we confirmed that Laizhou Cui, a mid-late maturing sweet cherry cultivar with excellent comprehensive traits, was a bred variety developed through introduction, digestion, innovation and improvement via this project. This cultivar features large fruit size with an average single fruit weight of 9.8 g, bright red peel, crisp flesh, dense juice with aroma, balanced sweet and sour taste, and a soluble solids content of 18%. Its fruit development period lasts 60 to 65 days, and it exhibits strong early bearing and high-yielding traits, along with certain freeze-tolerant and fruit-cracking resistant characteristics, greatly enriching the sweet cherry germplasm resources in China. This project features a correct research orientation, reasonable experimental design, proper technical route, and reliable data, reaching the leading level of domestic similar researches overall. This horticultural farm made full use of its advantage as the "No.1 Nursery Stock Village in China" to cultivate high-quality seedlings via grafting. In January 2009, Laizhou Cui passed the examination and approval of the Shandong Provincial Forest Variety Approval Committee (approval number: Lu R-ETS-PA-007-2008). In July 2009, the large-scale propagation project for new sweet cherry cultivar Laizhou Cui seedlings, funded by the Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Fund of the Shandong Provincial Department of Science and Technology, was launched, which greatly accelerated the expanded trial planting and promotion of the new sweet cherry cultivar Laizhou Cui. At present, it has been planted on 5,320 mu locally in Laizhou, and a cumulative total of more than 65,000 mu has been promoted and planted in suitable planting areas across the province, as well as in Beijing, Liaoning, Hebei, Gansu, Shanxi and other parts of China. It has generated additional social benefits of 1,929,340,000 yuan, with remarkable economic and social benefits, effectively promoting the optimization and upgrading of the forestry industrial structure in our region and even across China, and realizing technological leapfrog in the forestry sector.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集描述了大樱桃莱州脆（Hardy Giant）的引种试验栽培，该品种于1999年从美国引进，经过8年试验观察，具有果大、脆甜、丰产及抗冻抗裂等优良特性。通过审定和推广，该品种已在全国多地累计种植6.5万余亩，产生了显著的经济和社会效益。