A Simulated Comprehensive Photon Fluence Shielding Spectra Dataset for Advanced Radiation Safety Assessment

Nuclear energy plays a pivotal role in global energy production, especially as a sustainable and green energy source. However, nuclear reactions produce byproducts such as spent fuel and radioactive waste, which emit gamma radiation and pose significant risks to human health and safety. Accurate radiation hazard assessments are therefore essential throughout the design and maintenance phases of nuclear facilities, relying heavily on simulations informed by experimental and evaluated nuclear data. Among various computational methods, the Point Kernel method is widely adopted in engineering practice due to its high computational efficiency. A key element of this method is the use of pre-defined coefficients known as buildup factors, which critically impact simulation accuracy. However, the most used dataset—published in the ANSI reports—is outdated in both format and scope, lacking sufficient data to support reliable simulations and hindering further research. To address this limitation, we present a novel open-access dataset, the **Photon Shielding Spectra Dataset (PSSD)**, which provides photon fluence shielding spectra for 92 elements across thicknesses of up to 40 mean free paths. PSSD enhances the adaptability of traditional buildup factors, supports the conversion between multiple physical quantities, and can be seamlessly integrated with advanced AI techniques for improved accuracy and efficiency in radiation safety assessments and shielding design. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for rapid analysis and future research in nuclear science and engineering.